❒ Scientific problem addressed by the project
❒ The scientific relevance and relevance of the designated problem
Scientific problem addressed by the project
By the beginning of the XXI century the traditional methods of extracting historical information from a variety of sources, although has not lost its importance, but has largely exhausted its resources. Under these conditions,an increase in the informative value of the existing sources by applying research methods of natural sciences has become extremely relevant.
New data obtained with the use of scientific methods, allow identifying the location of historical object, technology of their creation, restoring chronological information, including its initial appearance and possible subsequent transformations of the object. In each particular study of historical objects, there is a need develop research methodology depending on the research objectives. Difficulties in the development of methodological approaches arise from the fact that objects of study often do not exist at present. In addition, no comparative database about these objects is available. In this regard, development of technologies for analysis, processing of historical information and creating 3D models of cultural heritage objects for virtual reconstruction of historically significant sites is particularly relevant. Their implementation will allow obtaining new historical information, increasing the accuracy of data about historical objects, providing their reconstruction using the latest technologies, including virtual reconstruction.
The scientific relevance and relevance of the designated problem
Conducting a historical analysis of the memorial sites of the Tambov region related to famous personalities from Russia using the proposed technologies for analyzing and processing historical information and creating 3D models of cultural heritage for virtual reconstruction of historically significant territories is particularly relevant. Their implementation will allow obtaining new historical information, increasing the accuracy of data about historical objects, providing their reconstruction using the
latest technologies, including virtual reconstruction.
Creation of an electronic resource will facilitate acquisition and dissemination of knowledge, models and methods of the historical sciences in general, including the history of cartography and urban development in the Tambov region and the city of Tambov in particular. The project will make use of qualitatively new technologies of historical data processing . There will be a single platform for accumulation of a variety of empirical and theoretical data in the chosen field, testing models of monitoring and recording new information, which contributes to implementation of new and effective tools for studying regional historical processes.
Creation of a Virtual Museum is done on an open source software platform - OpenSimulator 0.9.0, representing a serverbased platform for 3D virtual worlds. Implementation of the proposed research will meet the shortage of scientific information in the following areas:
❑ analysis of historical processes' dynamics of memorial sites of the Tambov region connected with the famous personalities from Russsia;
❑ implementation of 3D modeling technology of cultural heritage objects for virtual reconstruction of historically significant territories;
❑ implementation of technologies of creating an Internet resource in order to provide access to information about the cultural-historical heritage based on the on the methods of 3D modeling of spatially objects;
❑ visualization of historical buildings of memorisl sites associated with the famous personalities from Russia, and their subsequent modifications and development up to the present time.
The study of memorial sites of the Tambov region associated with the famous personalities from Russia in their chronological development will undoubtedly lead to the conclusion about the dominants of their development in certain historical periods.
In addition, the proposed research will allow evaluating changes in development of memorial sites provided that visualization of changes in the functional assignments of individual elements (parts) will be considered as the main criterion.
The specific task within the framework of the problem that the project is aimed to solve, its scale and complexity
As part of the research project, the following specific tasks of analyzing the historical processes of memorial sites of the Tambov region related to the presence of famous personalities from Russia will be solved. As part of its implementation, development of technologies for analyzing and processing of information and creating virtual reconstructions of cultural and historical heritage sites of territories (memorial sites) associated with selected well-known personalities will be carried out,
including:
❑ development of technology of 3D modeling of cultural heritage objects for virtual reconstruction of historically significant areas;
❑ development of technology of urban development processes analysis under the conditions of initial data uncertainty based on the methods of system and retrospective analysis of historical and socio-economic processes, mathematical modeling, fuzzy set theory;
❑ development of technologies of an Internet resource creation in order to provide access to information about the culturalhistorical heritage based on methods of 3D modeling of spatially distributed objects;
❑ creation of virtual models of important local areas of the Tambov region at various stages of their history associated with well-known personalities of the Russian Federation and foreign countries:
estate of the Satins family in the village of Ivanovka of the Uvarovskiy district associated with the work of a musician and a composer S.V. Rakhmaninov;
estate of the Vernadskiys family in the village of Vernadovka of the Pichaevskiy district related to public and professional activity of the scientist V.I. Vernadskiy;
estate of the Chicherins family in the village of Karaul of the the Inzhavinskiy district and the complex of buildings in the city of Tambov, related to life, scientific and social activity of the famous Russian lawyer B.N. Chicherin;
complex of objects in the town of Kozlov (now Michurinsk) related to life and scientific work of the Russian scientist and biologist I.V. Michurin;
industrial complexes of the "Nobel brothers Association" in Rasskazovskiy and Morshanskiy districts associated with production activities of the Nobel brothers – Alfred, Ludvig and Robert;
architectural complexes in the village of Arzhenka of the Rasskazovsky district and in the city of Tambov associated with the presence and professional activity of a merchant of the 1st Guild, patron and benefactor M.V. Aseev.
Specific objectives of the project are aimed at achieving the above objectives.
One of the practical results of the project is a three-dimensional Virtual Museum of urban development history of local areas of the Tambov region, which is created on an open source software platform - OpenSimulator 0.9.0, representing a serverbased platform for 3D virtual worlds. Visualization of the Museum will also be implemented with the use of virtua reality glasses.
Implementation of the proposed research will meet the shortage of scientific information in the following areas:
❑ analysis of historical processes is particularly significant local territories of municipalities, including the history of their urban development;
❑ implementation of 3D modeling technology of cultural heritage objects for virtual reconstruction of historically significant territories of municipalities;
❑ implementation of technologies of creating an Internet resource in order to provide access to information about the cultural-historical heritage based on the on the methods of 3D modeling of spatially distributed objects;
❑ visualization of historical buildings of particularly significant sites associated with the famous personalities, and their subsequent modifications and development up to the present time.
The results of the project are addressed to a wide range of professionals who use the technology and methods of analyzing historical processes and 3D visualization for a virtual reconstruction of cultural heritage objects. In particular, the results will be applied at Tambov state technical University, Department of Education of Tambov region in the sphere of training professionals in historical, construction and information fields and in forming the culture of research in the field of history and urban development of the Tambov region with the use of information technologies and mathematical modeling. An online resource created within the project's scope is aimed at encouraging creative activity of young researchers in developing new approaches to economic and urban development tasks in the modern world. The users of the project results are also schools
and museum organizations. The results of the project are aimed on a wide range of Internet users, interested in Russian history.
The research work on the topic of the project will be carried out on the basis of the latest world achievements in the field of information technology and mathematical modeling; interactive 3D simulation; storage, processing and retrieval of data; methods of spatial-temporal modeling of objects of cultural and historical heritage etc. In order to solve the set of tasks methods of system analysis and mathematical simulation and optimization will be used as they allow for a comprehensive evaluation of historical processes of particularly important territories of municipalities for both individual objects and culturalhistorical complexes.
The project will ensure the achievement of high level scientific results, training and consolidation of scientific and pedagogical personnel in the sphere of science and education and formation of highly qualified scientific research team.
The scientific novelty of research, the rationale for the attainability of solving the problem and the possibility of obtaining the planned results
In the present research project, a new scientific idea has been formulated: analysis of historical processes at the memorial sites of the Tambov region related to the famous personalities from Russia using technologies of analysis, data processing and creation of virtual reconstructions of cultural and historical heritage objects. It comprises:
❑ development of technology of 3D modeling of cultural heritage objects for virtual reconstruction of historically significant areas;
❑ development of technology of urban development processes analysis under the conditions of initial data uncertainty based on the methods of system and retrospective analysis of historical and socio-economic processes, mathematical modeling, fuzzy set theory;
❑ development of technologies of an Internet resource creation in order to provide access to information about the culturalhistorical heritage based on methods of 3D modeling of spatially distributed objects;
❑ carrying out the analysis of historical processes at the memorial sites of the Tambov region related to the presence of famous figures of Russia.
In recent years, more and more studies of historical and economic processes in Russian regions are performed by means of modern computer technology. This direction is becoming more popular due to the fact that regional studies need to be accompanied by view images. They primarily include maps, plans, schematic images of large areas of Russian regions.
Traditional types of documents (maps and schemes of individual sections of administrative regions of the Russian Federation), taken from archival sources do not fully meet the modern requirements for conducting research of historical and economic processes in Russian regions. On the other hand, the use of modern computer technologies require the same archival cartographic documents as the primary source for creating a large data set, including view images. This approach makes research results more informative and accessible to a wide range of users.
Creation of a single information space associated with historical and economic processes in a particular Russian region is only possible on the basis of a large number of archival materials, publications in mass media, memoirs left by the witnesses of these processes and mandatory GIS supplement. Analysis of such voluminous data set will ultimately lead to answers on some of the issues, i.e. can give reasonable conclusions about causes and ways of regional economic development. The study of such information sources will allow identifying dominant directions in economic, social and administrative development of a specific region. Such studies should be carried out in accordance with certain historical periods for a selected region, where the boundaries of specific periods may be historical events of national or world importance, which
left its impact and led to changes in development of a specific region. The best presentation of results of such studies will be in visual graphical form. The ability to analyze changes in urban development of individual cities and municipalities closely related to historical and economic events that affected them, allow determining significance of these events and the magnitude of their influence on the course of further development of the studied administrative entity.
Means of modern computer technologies applied to specific view images activate cognitive research value of such scientific work. Geographic information systems, widely used in recent years, have greatly enriched the research process and helped to create new view images that are more informative compared with traditional cartographic materials.
The proposed approach to the study of historical processes in the regions of the Russian Federation with the use of computer images, which examines memorial places, connected with well-known personalities from Russia, is not widely used nowadays.
The current state of research on this issue, the main areas of research in world science and scientific competitors
Currently, research methods of natural sciences, which work well in engineering sciences, are more actively applied in research works related to objects of cultural and historical heritage. For example, GIS technology is widely used in various subject areas, however, there are no known works devoted to the study of urban development dynamics in small and medium towns of Russia. The authors of this project have not also found any information about the use of mathematical tools of expert systems as a decision support tool for obtaining averaged quantitative values of each indicator related to specific time period of of the individual object's development and development of the area in general taken from information sources which are varied by their accuracy. The authors have not found information about the use of roposed technology for creation of an Internet resource for providing access to information about the cultural-historical heritage based on the methods of spatial modeling of territorially distributed objects, fuzzy set theory, methods of retrospective analysis of historical and urban processes in the conditions of initial data uncertainty.
It should be noted that a number of researchers is working on creating three-dimensional models of individual architectural complexes. In particular, the group under the leadership of corresponding member of the RAS L.I. Borodkin (MSU, Moscow) has completed the project "Virtual reconstruction of Moscow monastery "Joy of all who sorrow": analysis of spatial infrastructure evolution on the basis of 3D modeling". It is possible to allocate the following works:
✔ E. V. Logacheva, S.V. Shvemberger. Problems and techniques of three-dimensional reconstruction [Electronic resource]. URL: http://www.nereditsa.ru / 3D / article.htm;
✔ V. A. Prostov, D.I. Zherebyatyev. Formation of the source package for virtual interactive reconstruction of All who sorrow monastery // Historiography and source studies of Russian history : collection of scientific works. Vol. 6. SPb., 2011. P. 192-215 [Electronic resource]. URL: http://history.spbu.ru / userfiles / Istoriografija_i_istochnikovedenie.pdf;
✔ R. B.Konchakov, D.I. Zherebyatyev Technology of three-dimensional modeling from the perspective of historical Informatics/ / Circle of ideas: methods and techniques of historical reconstructions / ed. by L.I. Borodkin, V. N. Vladimirov, G. V. Mozheva. M., 2010. P. 145-175;
✔ Virtual reconstruction of historical and cultural heritage in the format of scientific researches and educational process: collection of scientific works / ed. by L.I. Borodkin and M.V. Rumyantsev, R. A. Barysheva.– Krasnoyarsk: Siberian Federal University, 2012. – 196 c.
In world practice of projects implementation aimed on digitization of objects of cultural and historical heritage there is a way which involves development and application of a single national (or international) standards of integrated management of projects. An example of unified national approaches in the field of scanning are standards of the national concept of interoperability (Spain), or Managing digitisation programs and projects of the project "Stand the test of time" (Future Proof NSW, start of implementation – 2008) (The State Records Authority of New South Wales, Australia, NSW State Records).
Among the organizations of the Russian Federation whose activities are connected with introduction of modern technology of building three-dimensional models on the results produced by terrestrial laser scanning, there is "NGCR" that is an abbreviation from the words "Navigation", "Geodesy", "Cartography", "Research". Currently, according to Vosinakis S., Y. Tsakonas (Visitor Experience in the Google Art Project and in Second Life-Based Virtual Museums: A Comparative Study //Mediterranean Archaeology and Archaeometry. – 2016. – Vol. 16. – No. 5. – PP. 19-27.)
we can distinguish two different trends in the field of virtual museums: exhibition halls, constructed in virtual worlds such as Second Life, and Google Art project.
Google Art Project – the largest online platform through which users have access to images of art works with high resolution.
Along with the exhibits of art museums, the site publishes panoramic shooting of museum halls https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/ .
The common feature of these approaches is that they strive to replicate the experience of visiting physical museums and observing the exhibits.
Developer of virtual worlds from San Francisco - David Rowe from the the CtrlAltStudio company has released a 3D viewerCtrlAltStudio Viewer for virtual worlds like OpenSim and Second Life, based on the Firestorm viewer. The program works both in the standard mode and in "3D Oculus Rift". The CtrlAltStudio viewer is designed to work with Oculus Rift glasses and also stereoscopic glasses of active type and highperformance graphic cards to create a 3D effect. CtrlAltStudio Viewer can be used for walking and exploring a virtual world "from the inside". Oculus Rift glasses create this effect as if the user is inside a virtual world, and the picture which he sees is changing when he is turning his head.
In 2015-2016 academic year the authors of this application within the framework of the grant RHF: 15-01-12012v have created "Virtual Museum of urban development history of the Central part of the city of Tambov". Information is presented on the website http://heritage.tstu.ru/ . A detailed virtual reconstruction and the interior of objects were done using an open source software platform OpenSimulator 0.9.0. Over 200 3D models of large and small objects were created. Video demos about the Virtual Museum are posted on the page http://heritage.tstu.ru/index.php/ru/demonstratsionnyjvideorolik . The annex to the application includes screenshots of individual elements of the Museum.
In 2017-2018 the authors of this application in the framework of the RFBR grant: 17-01-12017 OGN created the “Virtual Museum of unban development history of the "Market Square" and chronology of merchant activities development in this part of Tambov''.
Based on the results of a brief analysis of the state of research in the area cultural heritage with the use of scientific methods, we can conclude that the majority of researchers focus on separate aspects: 3D modeling, information analysis, 3D scanning, 3D visualization. Little attention is paid to the complex study of cultural heritage objects. Based on the above, the authors believe that implementation of the proposed project will lead to obtaining world-class results.
It should be noted that the use of free software (OpenSimulator 0.9.0) allows all Internet users to become museum visitors.
At the same time, there is a possible loss of visualization quality of objects compared to using a more advanced, but commercial software product, which ultimately will lead to limited access to the project results.
Предлагаемые методы и подходы, общий план работы на весь срок выполнения проекта и ожидаемые результаты
